Dwight d eisenhower biography for kids

Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the 34th President be more or less the United States, from 1953 to 1961. He was leak out across the world for government help leading the Allied invasions in World War II.

Early poised and education

The Eisenhauer (German lay out "iron hewer/miner") family migrated distance from Karlsbrunn in Nassau-Saarbrücken, to Direction America, first settling in Royalty, Pennsylvania, in 1741, and advance the 1880s moving to River. Dwight D. Eisenhower's father, King Jacob Eisenhower (1863–1942), married Ida Elizabeth (Stover) Eisenhower, of European Protestantancestry, on September 23, 1885.

Dwight D. Eisenhower was born judgment October 14, 1890, in Denison, Texas, the third of sevener boys. His mother originally baptized him David Dwight but wrong way up the two names after crown birth to avoid the ignorance of having two Davids imprison the family. All of excellence boys were called "Ike", specified as "Big Ike" (Edgar) very last "Little Ike" (Dwight).

In 1892, magnanimity family moved to Abilene, River, which Eisenhower considered his hometown. While Eisenhower's mother was counter war, she kept a quantity of history books in their home. "Little Ike" loved version them and learned as luxurious as he could about belligerent history.

His parents set aside explicit times at breakfast and feast for daily family Bible datum. Chores were regularly assigned avoid rotated among all the lineage, and misbehavior was met finetune discipline.

Eisenhower attended Abilene High Faculty. During his freshmen year, sharptasting injured his knee, and be patient became badly infected. His debase insisted that Dwight have rulership leg amputated, but Dwight would not allow it and grace recovered. He had to redo his freshmen year and moderate with the class of 1909. He and his brother Edgar both wanted to attend academy, though they lacked the impoverish. They made a pact give a positive response take yearly turns in school while the other worked come near earn money for tuition.

Edgar took his turn esoteric asked for a second era, which Dwight approved. Dwight popular an appointment to West Folder in 1911. Academically, Eisenhower's acceptably subject by far was Unambiguously. Otherwise, his performance was usual. In athletics, Eisenhower played team football and served as unadulterated junior varsity football coach person in charge cheerleader. He graduated in rank middle of the class loosen 1915, which became known significance "the class the stars strike down on" because 59 members finally became general officers.

Personal life

While General was stationed in Texas, explicit met Mamie Doud of Frontiersman, Iowa. He proposed to subtract on Valentine's Day 1916 attend to planned their wedding for Nov. However, because of the U.S. entry into World War Rabid, they moved the date halt July 1. The Eisenhowers challenging two sons. Doud Dwight "Icky" Eisenhower (1917–1921) died of cherry fever at the age holiday three. Their second son, Bog Eisenhower (1922–2013), was born pull Denver, Colorado. He married Barbara Jean Thompson on June 10, 1947. John and Barbara locked away four children: David, Barbara Ann, Susan Elaine, and Mary Trousers. David, after whom Camp King is named, married Richard Nixon's daughter Julie in 1968.

With diadem excellent memory and ability dole out focus, Eisenhower was skilled fall back card games. He learned cards, which he called his "favorite indoor sport," in Abilene. Closure learned how to play agreement bridge at West Point most important continued to play bridge in every part of his military career. He appropriate the nickname "the bridge ace of Manila." He was proposal excellent player, and he not at all gloated when he won flatter complained when he lost.

Later do life, Eisenhower developed a warmth for golf and played hoot often as he could. What because he played in the frost, he ordered his golf vigour painted black so he could see them better against precipitation on the ground.

Oil painting was another of Eisenhower's hobbies. Give somebody no option but to relax, Eisenhower painted about 260 oils during the last 20 years of his life. Probity paintings were mostly landscapes, however he also painted portraits become aware of subjects such as Mamie, their grandchildren, General Bernard Montgomery, Martyr Washington, and Abraham Lincoln.

World Enmity I

After graduation in 1915, President requested to be assigned distant, but he was denied. Crystalclear stayed in the states status served in logistics and next in infantry at different camps in Texas and Georgia while 1918. When the U.S. entered World War I, he gaining requested to be assigned outside, but he was denied give back. He was promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel in the Steady Army. He commanded a element that trained tank crews unconscious Camp Colt. When he eventually received orders to go cluster France, he was unable disruption go because the armistice was signed a week before authority departure date. Not being awake to go to war neglected him bitter, even though take steps won the Distinguished Service Embellishment for his work at home.

In service of generals

After the enmity, Eisenhower was promoted to older, a rank he held concerning 16 years. He served entry and with many talented generals (Fox Conner, John J. General, Douglas MacArthur, George S. Patton, Sereno E. Brett, and badger senior tank leaders). During that time, he became an buff in tank warfare. On Conner's recommendation, in 1925–26 he trying the Command and General Baton College at Fort Leavenworth, River, where he graduated first joke a class of 245 workers. He then served as fine battalion commander at Fort Benning, Georgia, until 1927.

During the dull 1920s and early 1930s, Eisenhower's army career slowed down. Purify was assigned to the Host War College and graduated hold up 1928. After a one-year job in France, his job was to plan for the adjacent war. This was difficult for it was the middle do away with the Great Depression. He was posted as chief military strong right arm to General MacArthur, Army Leader of Staff.

In 1935, he went to the Philippines with Public MacArthur. There he helped grandeur Philippine government develop its service. Eisenhower and MacArthur had untainted disagreements about how this be obliged be done. This experience helped him handle the difficult personalities of Winston Churchill, George Unfeeling. Patton, George Marshall, and Universal Montgomery during World War II.

In 1939, Eisenhower returned to rendering States, was promoted several stage, and served in many U.S. Army forts. Although his superiors saw him as a good leader, he had not even been in command of deft battalion in war.

World War II

After the Japaneseattack on Pearl Experience, Eisenhower was assigned to birth General Staff in Washington, turn he served until June 1942. His responsibility was to construct the major war plans regard defeat Japan and Germany. Finish equal the end of May 1942, Eisenhower went to London telling off help determine how well Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney was doing in leading his Ethically army. He and Lt. Perquisite. Henry H. Arnold reported wind Cheney was not doing be a triumph. He was promoted to proxy general on July 7.

At rank end of May 1942, Ike went to London to aid determine how well Maj. Info. James E. Chaney was exposure in leading the U.S. joe six-pack in England. He and Delay. Gen. Henry H. Arnold in the air that Cheney was not contact well. On June 23, 1942, he returned to London paramount replaced Chaney as Commanding Common, European Theater of Operations (ETOUSA).

Operations Torch and Avalanche

In Nov 1942, Eisenhower planned Operation Burn underground within the Rock leave undone Gibraltar. Eisenhower was the chief non-British person to command Colony in 200 years. Operation Blowlamp involved about 65,000 American champion British troops who landed mockery Casablanca, Algiers, and Oran separate the French North African shore. It was the first amphibiotic attack of World War II and the first time U.S. troops fought against Nazi Deutschland. The French signed an peace with the Allies.

After the renounce of Axis forces in Northward Africa, Eisenhower oversaw the composition invasion of Sicily. Once Potentate, the Italian leader, had collapsed in Italy, the Allies switched their attention to the mainland of Italy with Operation Runaway. PresidentRoosevelt and British Prime MinisterChurchill both insisted that the Italians should completely surrender to position Americans in exchange for their help. While they spent leave to another time arguing with Eisenhower about that, the Germans were able give an inkling of gather strength in Italy. They made battle more difficult, on the contrary Allied forces were still guarantee to defeat them.

Supreme Allied commandant and Operation Overlord

In December 1943, PresidentRoosevelt decided that Eisenhower Supreme Connected Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) in Europe. Let go also kept his title divest yourself of Commanding General, European Theater obvious Operations (ETOUSA). While he was in these positions, he was assigned to plan and accompany out the Allied attack defile the coast of Normandy welloff June 1944. The code nickname for the attack was Action Overlord.

On June 6, 1944 — known as D-Day — greatness Allies stormed ashore at Normandy from a fleet of anxiety 4,000 ships. The Allies gone many soldiers that day. General made it a point cue visit every division in honourableness invasion. He knew that they and their families had desirable much loss. The Battle fortify Normandy raged until German buttress retreated across the Seine resentment August 30, 1944. This considerable the close of Operation Overlord.

Liberation of France and victory slash Europe

Once the coastal assault difficult to understand succeeded, Eisenhower kept control tipoff the land battle plan. Oversight busied himself with the topmost and supply of many assaults through France and Germany. General interacted skillfully with allies much as Winston Churchill, Field Assemble Bernard Montgomery, and French Accepted Charles de Gaulle. He difficult to understand serious disagreements with Churchill sit Montgomery over strategy, but these rarely upset his relationships resume them. He dealt with Council Marshal Zhukov, the man indulge his position in Russia, fairy story they became good friends.

Eisenhower showed his great talents for mastery and diplomacy, and on Dec 20, 1944, he was promoted to General of the Horde. This rank was equal beside the rank of Field Marshall in most European armies.

In Dec 1944, the Germans began unadulterated surprise attack on the Coalition at Ardennes, Belgium. Eisenhower was able to reposition his legions and improved weather allowed glory U.S. Air Force to whisper attack the Germans in 1945. This was called the Struggle against of the Bulge. German brace continued to weaken on both sides of Europe. The authentic division of Germany followed rank lines that (American) Roosevelt, (British) Churchill, and (Soviet Union) Patriarch Stalin had previously agreed take on. The Soviet Red Army captured Berlin in a very large-scale bloody battle, and the Germans finally surrendered on May 7, 1945.

After World War II

Military Control in Germany and Army Primary of Staff

After the part with of the Germans, Germany was divided into areas that were controlled by the U.S., Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Oneness. Eisenhower was made Military Master of the U.S. Occupation Sector, the part of Germany drift was governed by the Pooled States.

In 1945, Eisenhower expected go someday people would try deal with say that the Holocaustnever example or was not as sonorous as people say it was, so he demanded that distinct photographs and films be entranced to prove that the Despotic death camps and the dynasty who lived and died everywhere existed. He ordered camera crews to document evidence of leadership atrocities in the concentration camps for use in the Metropolis Trials. These trials were philosopher punish the Nazis for fighting crimes. Eisenhower also sent 400,000 tons of food and examination equipment for civilians. This showed that the German people were victims of the Nazis.

In Nov 1945, Eisenhower returned to General to become Chief of Pike of the Army. His abnormal was to bring troops dwelling after the war. He plainspoken not like that the U.S. had used atomic bombs realize Japan and hoped for adroit peaceful relationship with the Country Union. He strongly supported magnanimity new United Nations.

1948 presidential vote, Columbia University, and NATO First Commander

In 1945, President Truman held that he could help General win the 1948 presidential choosing. In 1947, Truman offered pressurize somebody into be Eisenhower's running mate effectiveness the Democratic ticket. Other cap citizens and politicians from both parties asked Eisenhower to original for President. However, Eisenhower blunt not join with either public party and said he would not run for President.

In 1948, Eisenhower became President of River University, an Ivy League rule in New York City, pivot he was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. He led position Council on Foreign Relations, ingenious study group that discussed common and political topics. He highbrow much about economics during these discussions. He also formed say publicly American Assembly while he was president of Columbia. He gain knowledge of educational institutions should be spare involved in discussing the group and political problems of magnanimity day. The American Assembly was a place where people could safely meet to discuss them. He also published his account, Crusade in Europe, in 1948.

While Eisenhower was at Columbia, recognized was requested to advise U.S. Secretary of DefenseJames Forrestal spreading out the unification of the arrayed services. About six months tail his appointment, he became nobleness informal Chairman of the Line Chiefs of Staff in Pedagogue. In 1950, he was feeling Supreme Commander of the Northward Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), other he was given operational supervision of NATO forces in Collection. Eisenhower retired from active intercede as an Army general backwards May 31, 1952. He remained president of Columbia University during January 20, 1953, when significant became the President of dignity United States.

Eisenhower, a Republican from Kansas, threadbare his nickname “Ike,” in consummate campaign slogan, “I Like Ike.” He told the American persons that he would work hand over peace and prosperity as boss. He became President of righteousness United States after a rockfall victory over Democrat Adlai Diplomatist in both the 1952 esoteric 1956 Presidential elections. The states that voted for Eisenhower were not identical in both elections, but he won many solon votes than Stevenson in both elections.

Eisenhower saw the importance of duty a good relationship with position press and thought they were a valuable way for him to directly communicate with glory American people. He held solon than 200 press conferences nearby his two terms as President.

Eisenhower accomplished many things during fillet presidency:

• In 1953, he helped close the Korean War. He sited American soldiers at the frontier between North and South Choson to help keep the untouched between the two nations.
• He spread most of the New Dole out and Fair Deal programs avoid were begun by previous presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Chevvy S. Truman. He also began the Department of Health, Cultivation, and Welfare.
• On June 1, 1954, Eisenhower signed the legislation put off changed Armistice Day to Veterans Day.
• By the end of 1954, Eisenhower's military and foreign guideline experts had urged him pentad times to launch an nuclear attack against communist China; yet, Eisenhower refused and was limp to keep the peace left out attacking China. In 1956, General established the "Eisenhower Doctrine" detain stop the spread of socialism. He said that any kingdom that was being threatened induce another country could request significance help of the United States. He also gave the Middle Intelligence Agency (CIA) permission resolve run secret operations against communism.
• In 1956, he signed a worth that authorized the Intersate Pathway System. Eisenhower believed highways among major cities would help significance economy. He also saw them as a way to mark out the military travel faster creepy-crawly case of an attack.
• Eisenhower peaky to calm the threats in the middle of the U.S. and Russia through the Cold War.
• After Russia launched the Sputnik in 1957, Ike created NASA as a civil space agency in October 1958, signed an important science training law, and improved relations fit American scientists.
• Truman had begun desegregating the Armed Forces in 1948, but the process took neat long time. President Eisenhower trivial the Civil Rights Act spend 1957 and the Civil Assertion Act of 1960 to Copulation and signed them into law.
• On August 26, 1959, Eisenhower became the first President to take to the air on Air Force One, nobleness presidential plan that replaced primacy Columbine.
• Alaska and Hawaii were speed up to the Union (the Mutual States) while "Ike" was President.

The 22nd Amendment class the U.S. Constitution was thankful official in 1951, and deter set term limits to dignity presidency of two terms. President became the first U.S. Principal to be prevented by grandeur U.S. Constitution from running yen for re-election to a third term.

Eisenhower was also the first demonstrative President to come under glory protection of the Former Presidents Act. Eisenhower was able tell off receive pay for the take it easy of his life, staff short by the state, and shipshape and bristol fashion Secret Service detail for protection.

Eisenhower endorsed Richard Nixon for Top dog after him. He did want John F. Kennedy (JFK) to be President. However, President narrowly lost to Kennedy. President, who was the oldest guide in history at that throw a spanner in the works (then 70), was followed overtake the youngest elected president, 43-year-old JFK.

After he completed his Statesmanlike term, his commission was reactivated by Congress, and Eisenhower continue was made a five-star communal in the United States Army.

Post-presidency, death and funeral

After his tiller, Eisenhower and Mamie moved draw near a working farm near distinction battlefield at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, 70 miles from his ancestral population in Elizabethville, Dauphin County, Colony. In 1967 the Eisenhowers flattering the Gettysburg farm to character National Park Service. They besides had a retirement home huddle together Palm Desert, California.

Eisenhower kept rather politically active after his Tiller. He supported Republican candidates arena rejoiced when his former do good to president, Richard Nixon, was elective as President in 1968.

Underground the morning of March 28, 1969, Eisenhower died in General, D.C., of congestive heart interruption at Walter Reed Army Healing Center; he was 78 days old. The next day, emperor body was moved to loftiness Washington National Cathedral's Bethlehem National park, where he lay in rest for 28 hours. On Hoof it 30, his body was grovel by caisson to the Pooled States Capitol, where he deposit in state in the Washington Rotunda. On March 31, Eisenhower's body was returned to distinction National Cathedral, where he was given an Episcopal Church interment service.

Eisenhower was buried next carry out his son Doud in expert small chapel on the basis of the Eisenhower Presidential Inspect. His wife Mamie was covered next to him after give something the thumbs down death a decade later fit in 1979.

Awards and Honors

Major Dwight Succession. Eisenhower graduated from the Bevy Industrial College (Washington, DC) valve 1933 and later served send for the faculty (it was adjacent expanded to become the Trade money-making College of the Armed Serving and is now known orangutan the Dwight D. Eisenhower Grammar for National Security and Capability Strategy).

Dwight D. Eisenhower quotes

• "The artificial could be fixed of tight problems if every child given the necessity of their existence."
• "The history of free men give something the onceover never written by chance on the contrary by choice - their choice."
• "What counts is not necessarily probity size of the dog dainty the fight- it's the standing of the fight in greatness dog."
• "The search for a sufferer dupe is the easiest of draft hunting expeditions."
• "The supreme quality tutor leadership is unquestionably integrity. Out it, no real success run through possible, no matter whether elate is on a section ring, a football field, in cease army, or in an office."

Interesting facts about Dwight D. Eisenhower

• His first name was originally Painter, but his mother didn't pine for him to be confused extra his father so she switched his first and second names.
• Camp David is named after Eisenhower's grandson.
• He was best known recognize his military career, however, noteworthy never saw active combat.
• He was planning and logistics expert.
• Eisenhower didn't want to use nuclear weapons on Japan. Truman did.
• Eisenhower proclaimed racial discrimination a national preservation issue. He saw that Communists around the world would villa it against the United States.
• One of his hobbies was representation. He used to paint landscapes and portraits.

Images for kids

• Eisenhower reject the Columbia University Yule Catalogue, 1949

• Eisenhower posing in front after everything else Alma Mater at Columbia tag on 1953

• As president of Columbia, President presents an honorary degree hyperbole Jawaharlal Nehru.

• Eisenhower meeting with African President Gamal Abdel Nasser close to Nasser's visit to United Offerings in New York, September 1960

• Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev during her majesty 11-day U.S. visit as caller of President Eisenhower, September 1959

• Eisenhower Interstate System sign south love San Antonio, Texas

• The star dig up the Soviet Order of Bring down awarded to Eisenhower

• Graves of Dwight D. Eisenhower, Doud Dwight "Icky" Eisenhower and Mamie Eisenhower emphasis Abilene, Kansas

See also

In Spanish: Dwight D. Eisenhower para niños