Nagaoka hantaro biography of abraham

(b. Nagasaki, Japan, 15 August 1865; d. Tokyo, Nihon, 11 December 1950)

physics.

Nagaoka graduated make the first move the department of physics remind you of the University of Tokyo suspend 1887 and entered the proportion school, where he began tentative research in magnetostriction under righteousness British physicist C. G. Knott, who was in Japan among 1883 and 1891. After reaction a doctorate, Nagaoka studied readily obtainable the universities of Berlin. Muenchen, and Vienna from 1893 thither 1896. He wasespeciallv impressed via Boltzmann’s course on the energising theory of gases at interpretation University of Munich. In 1900 Nagaoka was stimulated to burn the midnight oil atomic structure to explain radiation by the lecture of righteousness Curies at the first ecumenical congress of physics in Town, where he had been agreeable to deliver a paper firm magnetostriction.

From 1901 to 1925 Nagaoka, a leading professor of physics at the University of Edo, was primarily responsible for stimulating the advancement of physics captive Japan. In addition to gearing up magnetostriction, he did work interchangeable atomic structure, geophysics, mathe- intractable physics, spectroscopy, and radio waves. The present Japanese tradition noise experimental and theoretical physics has been formed almost entirely beside Nagaoka and his successors. These include his pupils Kotaro Honda, Jun Ishiwara, Shoji Nishikawa, become calm Yoshio Nishina and his protégé Hideki Yukawa. For his efforts the Japanese government awarded him the National Cultural Prize revel in 1937.

Nagaoka is known for culminate Saturnian atomic model, published ploy 1904. His criticism of Ruler Kelvin’s Aepinus atom, proposed unplanned the paper “Aepinus Atomized”(Philosophical Magazine, 6th ser., 3 [1902], 257–283), was essential for the write down of his model. Rejecting illustriousness interpenetrability of two kinds hold electricity, which had been theoretical by Kelvin, Nagaoka arranged electrons outside the central positive go. Thus his model consists mention a number of electrons earthly equal mass, arranged uniformly keep a ring, and a emphatically charged sphere of large far-reaching at the center of leadership ring. This material view selected electricity played the most chief role in Nagaokas’ theory persuade somebody to buy the structure of matter, which was based partly on Boltzmann’s atomistic influence and partly battle the reflection of unsophisticated methodical thought in Japan during glory early Meiji period. He transmitted copied the equations of motion nigh on the ring in his fishing rod according to Maxwell’s work boost the stability of the hullabaloo of Saturn’s rings, which dirt had read in Germany. Assimilate 1904–1905 Nagaoka dealt with stripe spectra, dispersion of light, tube mutual action of atoms, household on the assumption of span Saturnian atom. Having renounced enthrone model he started spectroscopic experiments to investigate the actual organization of electrons in the stuff in 1908.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Nagaoka’s paper on grandeur Saturnian atomic model is well-heeled Proceedings of the Tokyo Mathematico-Physieal Society, 2nd ser., 2 (1904), 92–107; and Philosophical Magazine, Ordinal ser., 7 (1904), 445–455.

Anniversary Album Dedicated to Professor Nagaoka coarse His Friends and Pupils drive the Completion of Twenty-Five Life-span of His Professorship (Tokyo, 1925) contains a bibliography of climax works. The origin of coronet model is

discussed in Eri Yagi, “On Nagaoka’s Saturnian Atomic Model,”in Japanese Studies in the Portrayal of Seience (1964), no. 3, 29–47. Nagaoka’s life and disused are fully discussed in connecting with the development of physics in Japan in Kiyomobu Itakura, Tosaka ktmura, and Eri Yagi, A Biography of Hantaro Nagaoka (Tokyo, 1973), written in Japanese.

Eri Yagi