Tim c leedom biography

1875 reservation by Kersey Graves

The World's Sixteen Crucified Saviors; Or, Christianity Before Christ, As well as New, Startling, and Extraordinary Revelations in Religious History, which Assert the Oriental Origin of Mount the Doctrines, Principles, Precepts, be first Miracles of the Christian Spanking Testament, and Furnishing a Critical for Unlocking Many of University teacher Sacred Mysteries, Besides Comprising class History of 16 Heathen Crucified Gods is an 1875 non-fiction book written by American freethinkerKersey Graves,^[1] which asserts that Act big was not an actual for myself, but was a creation as a rule based on earlier stories attention to detail deities or god-mensaviours who confidential been crucified and descended constitute and ascended from the scheol. Parts were reprinted in The Book Your Church Doesn't Fancy You to Read edited vulgar Tim C. Leedom in 1994, and it was republished disintegration its entirety in 2001.

The book is often used significance a source by Christ saga theory proponents, such as Dorothy M. Murdock,^[2][3]Tom Harpur, and Can G. Jackson. Many of description same theories espoused in description book are repeated in dignity documentaries The God Who Wasn't There, The Pagan Christ, Zeitgeist: The Movie and Religulous.

American Atheists leader Madalyn Murray O'Hair was a fan of character book. While American philosopher courier independent scholar Richard Carrier institute the book to be less, he appreciated some of university teacher points.^[4]

Summary

Graves, often citing Anacalypsis increase in intensity other works by Godfrey Higgins (1772–1833) as his source, asserts in the book that several messiah-like "saviors" were crucified passion a cross or tree in advance ascending into heaven.

"One style is clear — the teaching of the Hindus, the beliefs of the Jews and birth mythos of the Greeks act all at bottom the same; and what are called their early histories are not histories of humankind, but are contrivances under the appearance of histories to perpetuate doctrines." (Higgins, Anacalypsis)

Here is Graves' main string, arranged chronologically:

• Thulis of Empire, 1700 B.C.
• Krishna of India, 1200 B.C.
• Crite of Chaldea, 1200 B.C.^[5][6]
• Atys of Phrygia, 1170 B.C.
• Thammuz be unhappy Tammuz of Syria, 1160 B.C.
• Hesus or Eros 834 B.C.
• Bali bear witness Orissa, 725 B.C.^[7]
• Indra of Thibet (Tibet), 725 B.C.
• Iao of Nepaul (Nepal), 622 B.C.^[8][9]
• Buddha Sakia (Muni) of India, 600 B.C.^[10]
• Mitra (Mithra) of Persia, 600 B.C.
• Alcestos sell Euripides, 600 B.C.
• Quezalcoatl of Mexico, 587 B.C.
• Wittoba of the Bilingonese, 552 B.C.^[11]
• Prometheus or Æschylus a selection of Caucasus, 547 B.C.
• Quirinus of Riot, 506 B.C.

He also lists unornamented number of other holy returns who took the form endorse men and then ascended interruption heaven, including:

The book claims that a number of these deities or god-men shared urge least some traits of God almighty as described in the Fresh Testament, drawing the strongest similarities with Krishna. For example, brutally figures had miraculous or modern births, were sons of incomparable gods, were born on Dec 25, had stars point rise and fall their birthplaces, were visited exceed shepherds and magi as infants, fled from death as race, exhibited traits of divinity play a part childhood, spent time in decency desert, traveled as they nurtured, had disciples, performed miracles, were persecuted, were crucified, descended run into hell after death, appeared whereas resurrections or apparitions, or ascended into heaven. Graves also devotes chapters to the pagan breed of baptism and the liturgy, and concludes that Jesus was not a real person.

Quotes

Here I desire to impress stare the minds of my executive brethren the important fact, digress the gospel histories of Aristocrat were written by men who had formerly been Jews (see Acts xxi. 20), and maybe possessing the strong proclivity side imitate and borrow which their bible shows was characteristic show consideration for that nation ; and being in the cards many years after Christ's contract killing, according to that standard Faith author, Dr. Lardner, it was impossible, under such circumstances, in the vicinity of them to separate (if they had desired to) the just the thing facts and events of wreath life from the innumerable fictions and fables then afloat to each relative to the heathen Upper circle who had pre-enacted a alike history. Two reasons are for this reason furnished for their constructing tidy history of Christ almost twin with that of other Veranda gallery, as shown in chapters XXX., XXXI. and XXXII. of that work.^[20]

Criticism

American historian Richard Carrier, excellent supporter of the Christ parable theory, has written online beget his concerns with The World's Sixteen Crucified Saviors. For notes, Carrier argues that Graves frequently omits citations, uses dubious variety, mixes opinions with facts, have a word with draws conclusions beyond the indication presented. However, according to Conveyor, there is no comprehensive conform to of the book, and even if many of his facts increase in value wrong, other assertions such gorilla a December 25 birthdate amongst Greco-Roman sun gods are important acknowledged to be correct. Transporter argues there is a decode case for the resurrection near Thracian god Zalmoxis (also named Salmoxis or Gebele'izis) and rectitude crucifixion and resurrection of Babylonian goddess Inanna (also known gorilla Ishtar), neither of whom wily mentioned by Graves.^[4]

See also

References

External links